A Review of Skin Irritation Protocols for the Evaluation of Skin Irritation Potential
W. Billhimer. Presentation given at the Society of Cosmetic Chemists' Annual Scientific Meeting & Technology Showcase. December 7, 2007.
Skin irritation is one of the most common adverse effects in humans. Due to the diversity of factors influencing the development and intensity of skin irritation, a large number of testing protocols have been developed to evaluate product safety or to substantiate label/advertising claims. Single application and cumulative irritation patch tests, immersion tests, controlled usage tests in susceptible/critical populations, and consumer home use tests are available depending on project objectives. Appropriate study design and statistical approaches are essential to proper interpretation of skin irritation test results. Endpoint measures are evolving beyond conventional subjective assessment by trained, expert graders. Objective measures of erythema, skin conductance and barrier integrity are adding new perspectives and understanding to skin irritation potential as well as providing quicker assessments of irritation.
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